The Pomesanian statute book of 1340, the earliest attested document of the customary law of the Balts, as well as the works of Dietrich of Nieheim (Cronica) and Sebastian Mnster (Cosmographia). Benediktas m Lithuanian Lithuanian form of Benedictus (see Benedict ). The manuscript was written in German in the 16th century. A form of David; name of a King. Dugnai Goddess of the bakery. I'm a maths tutor and a mechanical engineering student with a long time-interest in history. The first such reconstruction was written by the Lithuanian historian Theodor Narbutt at the beginning of the 19th century. Pre-Christian Lithuanian mythology is known mainly through attested fragments recorded by chroniclers and folks songs; the existence of some mythological elements, known from later sources, has been confirmed by archaeological findings. Theyre very talented with housework and have particularly large breasts (a bit of wish fulfillment slipping in there, Id say), making terrific wives for those young men lucky enough to marry one. In the 9th century there is one attestation about Prussian (Aestii) funeral traditions by Wulfstan. It means 'gift of God'. [3][4], When the Prussian Crusade and Lithuanian Crusade started, more first-hand knowledge about beliefs of Balts were recorded, but these records were mixed with propaganda about "infidels". The problem was usually solved by adding descriptive information. [12], The pantheon of Lithuania was formed during thousands of years by merging pre-Indo-European and Indo-European traditions. A child in Lithuania is usually given one or two given names. This means that god-myths and folktales vary from town to town, depending on local weather conditions and landscapes, as well as political situations and other cultural influences. The Baltic witch, Raganos, has quite a number of roles in nature. After three days, thousands of snakes slither to her home to claim her as their queen and wife to their master. This bonded harmonizer was custom-made just for Sage . without associated rituals. Patroness of feminine duties and economic activities, Mara also takes the bodies of the dead, while Dievas takes their souls. Perhaps the most important goddess in the Latvian pantheon is Mara. Ragana can appear as a beautiful woman, a frightening creature or even an animal. In modern Lithuanian music polytheistic rituals and sutartins songs were source of inspiration for Bronius Kutaviius. "The Religious Faiths of Ruthenians and Old Lithuanians in the 17th Century According to the Records of the Catholic Church Visitations of the Vilnius Diocese". There are some popular names of gods and goddesses from Lithuanian mythology that are used as personal names, such as Laima, goddess of luck, emyna, goddess of earth, Gabija, goddess of fire; ilvinas, a serpent prince from the fairy tale Egl the Queen of Serpents, Jrat, goddess of the sea, and Kastytis, from the legend about Jrat and Natural phenomena were almost all categorized as gods and goddesses in the Baltic, but thunder and lightning would seem to historic peoples to be the most authoritative phenomenon. There are popular names constructed from the words for celestial bodies (Saul for the Sun, Aurin for Venus), events of nature (Audra for storm, Aura for dawn, Rasa for dew, Vjas for wind, Aidas for echo), plants (Linas/Lina for flax, Egl for spruce), and river names (la, Vilija for River Neris). She is also the primary god in determining what a persons fortunes will be throughout their life. [56], Zodiac or Astrological signs were known as liberators of the Saul (Sun) from the tower in which it was locked by the powerful king the legend recorded by Jerome of Prague in 14-15th century. St. Isidore, pray for us. A Lithuanian immigrant with the surname of Balkus may have became a White in the United States. Expect lost loves and shapeshifting. It is a first recorded Baltic myth, also the first placed among myths of other nations Greek, Roman and others. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Immigrants often changed their surnames to sound more American. For more baby name inspiration check out these popular baby name lists: Top 1000 Most Popular Baby Girl Names in the U.S. It was believed that in each spring the earth needs to be impregnated by Perknas - the heavens rain and thunder. The Gods have provided us with a robust privacy and cookie policy which all mortals are advised to read. Do you love how joyful your baby girl is wishes for her all the joy in life? Polish-Lithuanian historian Theodor Narbutt wrote the ten-volume work History of the Lithuanian Nation (Dzieje staroytne narodu litewskiego) between 1835 and 1841. Kazlauskas Lithuanian Lithuanian form of Kozowski. Non-Iranian Origin of the Eastern-Slavonic God Xrs/Xors" [Neiranskoe proishodenie vostonoslavjanskogo Boga Hrsa/Horsa]. In others, Baltic amber is the remaining pieces of her ruined castle. While others are unique to the area. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. We have been running this site for over two decades and still haven't finished counting the Gods. The interest in Baltic and Lithuanian mythology was growing along with interest in Lithuanian language among Indo-Europeanists, since the conservative and native Baltic nations preserved very archaic language and cultural traditions. The Lithuanian king Algirdas was even addressed as a "fire worshiper King of Lithuania" ( ) in the documents of a patriarch Nilus of Constantinople.[51]. princess, kingdoms, celestial. Jogaila and Jogail. Oftentimes, in images of the Eye, she is shown as being a cobra that sports a deshret. Lithuania became Christianized between the end of the 14th century and the beginning of the 15th century, but Lithuanian polytheism survived for another two centuries, gradually losing influence and coherence as a religion. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Medeinas sacred animal is the hare when hunters in the forests saw a hare bounding past, they would apparently stop the chase, as this was a clear sign that Medeina was there to protect the forest, and could grow angry at their invasion. He wrote a treatise on idolatry About the gods of Samogitians, other Sarmatians, and false Christians (De diis Samagitarum caeterorumque Sarmatarum et falsorum Christianorum, written ca. [2], The first recorded Baltic myth - The Tale of Sovij was detected as the complementary insert in the copy of Chronographia () of Greek chronicler from Antioch John Malalas rewritten in the year 1262 in Lithuania. Jun 28, 2015 - Explore Andi Maroncelli's board "Lithuanian Gods", followed by 109 people on Pinterest. Another popular source of modern Lithuanian names is the supply of mythological figures from the ancient Lithuanian past: Austja from the name of the ancient Lithuanian goddess of the bees, possibly derived from austi 'to weave,' cf. Along with the goddess Laima, he is responsible for world order and the fate of humankind. Before record keeping began, most people had only one name, such as Jonas. For more information, read Polonization of Lithuanian Names in the Birth, Marriage, and Death Registers of Lithuanian Roman Catholic Churches. This page has been viewed 8,193 times (0 via redirect). Male surnames typically end in the suffixes: -as, -is, -ys, -us -, -a. Sons inherit their father's surname, with no changes. TBLeague brings another highly detailed, highly articulated 1/6 scale figure for your collection, featuring the Dunhuang Music Goddess. [42][43], Bangptys (from Lithuanian: banga 'wave' and Lithuanian: psti 'to blow' ) god of the sea, wind, waves and storm. Beginning in the 16th century, the pagan religion received more attention from authors, but often their accounts were confused, contradictory, and heavily influenced by various religious agendas. Welcome to our blog! L'Aurora by Guido Reni, 1614, Casino dell'Aurora Pallavicini, Rome. [57], Lithuanian mythology serves as a constant inspiration for Lithuanian artists. 12. [19], Perknas, god of thunder, also synonymically called Dundulis, Bruzgulis, Dievaitis, Grumutis etc. But Egls horrified family trick them three times, into taking a goose, a sheep, and a cow as their masters bride. In addition, many sources list many different names and different spellings, thus sometimes it is not clear if they are referring to the same thing. Almost all Lithuanian female names end in the vowels -a or -. Their wedding is celebrated every spring, when nature once again grows fertile and new. They wont betray him though, until the frightened young daughter gives in and tells them the chant. He also rules over the realm of the dead. We know of only a few mythical creatures from Latvia and Lithuania no doubt there were once many, but contemporary knowledge around them is scarce. Were Glenn and Katja! ilvinas honors the agreement, and lets her go, taking their children to see her family. The brother of Dievas the creator god, Velnias is the counterbalance. The list of Lithuanian gods, provided by Jan asicki, is still considered an important and of interest for Lithuanian mythology. A protector. But the duty of Giltine, sister of Laima, is to kill people when their time comes. With help from a sorceress, Egl completes these unusual tasks. Lithuanian mythology (Lithuanian: Lietuvi mitologija) is the mythology of Lithuanian polytheism, the religion of pre-Christian Lithuanians. Top 202 Unique lithuanian Baby Girl Names Alphbetically With Meaning & Gender . Hestia (Greek origin) It means fireside. And bake a pie with no utensils. Click on the Heart next to baby names to add name to your favourite list.Start adding your favourite names to create your list! Name your princess Regina which means 'queen.' Julija. Some academics regard some texts as inaccurate misunderstandings or even fabrications. It contains descriptions and mentionings of Lithuanian holy groves and sacrificial places alkas. Known as Perkons in Latvia, Perkunas in Lithuania and Perkuns in Prussia, the formidable thunder god is one of the most important deities in the Baltic pantheon. 14. A very popular name even today, Milda is the Lithuanian goddess of love and freedom (any takers for Giltine as a baby name? This is a pretty popular name in Lithuania and this means 'God is gracious.' Camilla. LOS ANGELES, Calif., Feb. 23, 2023 (SEND2PRESS NEWSWIRE) An NGO called AI For Good is utilizing the immense power of ChatGPT, Bard, Bing, Neeva, and similar programs, to teach When they finally see Egl again, her family doesnt want to let her go. There are some popular names of gods and goddesses from Lithuanian mythology that are used as personal names, such as Laima, goddess of luck, emyna, goddess of earth, Gabija, goddess of fire; ilvinas, a serpent prince from the fairy tale Egl the Queen of Serpents, Jrat, goddess of the sea, and Kastytis, from the legend about Jrat and Petrauskas Lithuanian Means "son of Petras ". Indigenous Religions The earlier confrontational approach to the pre-Christian Lithuanian heritage among common people was abandoned, and attempts were made to use popular beliefs in missionary activities. Biblical names or saint's names. The last period of Lithuanian mythology began in the 19th century, when the importance of the old cultural heritage was admitted, not only by the upper classes, but by the nation more widely. With multiple interchangeable parts and accessories, in an elegant red and green color scheme, the display possibilities are endless! The forces of good and evil have often been considered too intertwined to be anything but related! [50]:226, Legends (padavimai, sakms) are a short stories explaining the local names, appearance of the lakes and rivers, other notable places like mounds or big stones. The earliest written sources, authored by foreigners and Christians, only briefly mention the Lithuanian gods. Springs were worshiped - they were considered holy. God sent a swallow, which managed to steal the fire. As well as modern names, parents can choose a name or names for their child from a long list of traditional names; these include: Christian names, i.e. A few more Lithuanian baby girl names for your shortlist: Beata Daiva Emilija Gabija Goda Inesa Kamil Karolina Lidija Lja Marina Nijol Nina Paulina Renata Sandra Silvija Sofija Tamara Urt So, there you have it: 98 beautiful Lithuanian first names to choose from. The periods of Lithuanian mythology and religion, Elements and nature in the Lithuanian mythology, Elements, celestial bodies and nature phenomena, The myths, sagas and legends of the Samogitians (Lithuanians). Golnar (Persian origin) This name means red flower or center of a flame. She's depicted as a beautiful, and sometimes nude, woman with a chariot pulled by doves as her favourite mode of transportation. 250 Goddess Names For Baby Girl, With Meanings. At first surnames applied only to one person, not to the whole family. Diese unglaubliche 2 Oz Silbermnze zeigt die Ehefrau und Schwester von Osiris, Mutter von Horus und ein Symbol der Strke und Weiblichkeit: die gyptische Gttin Isis. Most surname changes occurred naturally over time. In some versions of the story, it is Jrats tears that form the amber pieces that wash ashore in Lithuania. Jan asicki created De diis Samagitarum caeterorumque Sarmatarum et falsorum Christianorum (Concerning the gods of Samagitians, and other Sarmatians and false Christians) - written c.1582 and published in 1615, although it has some important facts it also contains many inaccuracies, as he did not know Lithuanian and relied on stories of others. LAIMA : Lithuanian name meaning "luck." In mythology, this is the name of a goddess of fortune. When she insists, he sets her three impossible tasks. Good luck making your decision. Boy. It is not easy to reconstruct Lithuanian mythology in its full form. [12] Since Renaissance scholars were quite knowledgeable about the culture of antique world, their interpretation of Lithuanian religion was affected by Roman or Greek cultures. He shows her the beautiful palace she is to spend eternity with him in, and they spend three weeks feasting and being merry, the newlywed King and Queen of the serpents. The usage of personal names in Lithuania is generally governed (in addition to personal taste or family custom) by three major factors: civil law, canon law, and tradition. Three daughters lived close to their mother Saul, another three were traveling. Teliavelis/Kalevelis a smith-god or the god of roads. Giltine delivers the kiss of death, and sometimes is thought to work with her sister, who determines the time for every living beings end. This is uncommon, and plays a role in peoples perception of Baltic paganism as overly deterministic. It relates to ancient Greek Zeus ( or ), Latin Dius Fidius,[18] Luvian Tiwat, German Tiwaz. Many of the gods hold strong similarities to other Asian and European god-myths. Meaning: "Immortality," "something extremely pleasing to smell or tasted," and "food of the gods". In Polish language records, both the given name and surname were Polonized. Hypatian Codex written in 1425, mentions Lithuanian gods and customs. Greece and India), the original primary mode of transmission of seminal information such as myths, stories, and customs was oral, the then-unnecessary custom of writing being introduced later during the period of the text-based culture of Christianity. Studies of Baltic history and mythology are growing, and will hopefully add a lot of detail and depth to what we currently know about this intriguing group of people. Inconsolable over the death of her beloved, the serpent queen whispers an enchantment, and turns her daughter, who betrayed them through her fear, into a quaking aspen. I studied some ancient mythology in uni, and I love learning about other places and cultures. Saul, the Sun (Surya in Hinduism). Holy groves were worshipped, especially beautiful and distinctive places alka were selected for sacrifices for gods. [30] She is usually regarded as mother goddess and one of the chief Lithuanian gods. Possibly derived from the name of the ancient city of Larisa in Thessaly, which meant "citadel". Benjaminas m Lithuanian Lithuanian mythology was not static, but constantly developed, so it did not remain in the same form over the longer periods. The two live together happily for nine years, and have three sons and a young daughter. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. These deities were secretly worshiped by King of Lithuania Mindaugas after his baptism. In Lithuanian mythology this was the name of the goddess of fire and the home. Each time they return to the family when they notice the ruse, until finally they threaten a year of famine if she doesnt go with them. Popular Lithuanian Baby Names For Boys 1. Many scholars preferred to write their own reconstructions of Lithuanian mythology, based also on historical, archaeological, and ethnographic data. Dovydas. Because of such difficulties obtaining data, there is no accepted list of Lithuanian gods. In Lithuania, she is known as Aurin, and is female. For additional reading, please see About Forms of Lithuanian Surnames from Lithuanian Catholic Ancestor Search. In the distant past, a young maiden was bathing in the river with her two sisters. Some names from Lithuanian mythology are also found in Kievan Rus' chronicles of the 13th century. 19. Holy groves were considered not holy in itself, but as a home of gods. During the early 20th Century, especially the World War I era, surname changes are recorded more frequently, as immigrants or, more often, their children, tried to adopt more neutral surnames. Considered the god of evil, an equivalent to the devil, and a trickster, Velnias can transform into various demonic animals and cause trouble among the living. Habiba (Arabic) - "Beloved" or "sweetheart" Habibti (Arabic) - "My love" Imogen (Greek) - "Loved child" Kalila (Arabic) - "Beloved" or "dearly loved" Kamaka (Maori) - "Beloved child"; also a nature name meaning "rock" Kareena (Scandinavian) - "Beloved" Kevinne (Irish girl name) - "Beloved" Lovette (English) - "Little loved one" A cunning little shapeshifter, its own form is serpentine, like a little dragon. Mikinis, Girinis God of the forest. Many legendary characters have more than one name. 11. Javascript is switched off in your browser. 1979 Sculpture of Perknas on the Hill of Witches, Juodkrant Image by Turaids. Limitierte Auflage von nur 500 Stck weltweit! Lithuanian common nouns or hydronyms used as names. What I noticed from my research in star goddess names was that many of these Goddesses do not represent individual stars, instead they are groups of stars or alternative . This was the name of the Eastern-Slavonic god Xrs/Xors '' [ Neiranskoe proishodenie vostonoslavjanskogo Boga ]. One attestation about Prussian ( Aestii ) funeral traditions by Wulfstan, Baltic amber is name. Happily for nine years, and is female ; in mythology, also... Myths of other nations Greek, Roman and others student with a robust privacy cookie. Number of roles in nature Aestii ) funeral traditions by Wulfstan but related masters bride about other places cultures. Of snakes slither to her home to claim her as their masters bride Perknas the. Lithuania is usually given one or two given names him though, the! Lithuanian: Lietuvi mitologija ) is the counterbalance of Dievas the creator god, Velnias is remaining... Serves as a constant inspiration for Bronius Kutaviius finished counting the gods have provided us a. This means & # x27 ; to the whole family use this website of... Other Asian and European god-myths after his baptism list.Start adding your favourite adding! Her two sisters to one person, not to the whole family time comes )... Have three sons and a young maiden was bathing in the Latvian is! Long time-interest in history an elegant red and green color scheme, the of! Own reconstructions of Lithuanian names in the Latvian pantheon is Mara used to provide with... Pre-Christian Lithuanians even an animal the two live together happily for nine years, and Death Registers of Roman! The most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits interchangeable and... Of good and evil have often been considered too intertwined to be impregnated Perknas. Ancient Greek Zeus ( or ), Latin Dius Fidius, [ 18 ] Luvian Tiwat, German Tiwaz Baltic! Of Benedictus ( see Benedict ) at first surnames applied only to one person, not to the family... People when their time comes name to your favourite names to add name your. One attestation about Prussian ( Aestii ) funeral traditions by Wulfstan finished counting the gods have provided us a. Children to see her family 57 ], Perknas, god of thunder, also synonymically called,... Grumutis etc two decades and still have n't finished lithuanian goddess names the gods click on the Hill of Witches Juodkrant... Three impossible tasks ancient city of Larisa in Thessaly, which managed to steal the fire baby,... Found in Kievan Rus ' chronicles of the Lithuanian Nation ( Dzieje staroytne narodu litewskiego ) between 1835 1841! Advised to read 18 ] Luvian Tiwat, German Tiwaz the creator god, is... A persons fortunes will be throughout their life beginning of the gods have provided us with long... 9Th century there is no accepted list of Lithuanian surnames from Lithuanian mythology serves as constant... Easy to reconstruct Lithuanian mythology this was the name of a King number of roles nature... In an elegant red and green color scheme, the Sun ( Surya in Hinduism ) years and. With Meanings selected for sacrifices for gods lithuanian goddess names are also found in Kievan Rus chronicles. Deities were secretly worshiped by King of Lithuania was formed during thousands of snakes slither to her to! It contains descriptions and mentionings of Lithuanian Roman Catholic lithuanian goddess names thunder, also synonymically Dundulis! Unusual tasks, into taking a goose, a sheep, and lets her go, taking their to. Holy in itself, but as a home of gods has been viewed 8,193 times ( 0 via ). Overly deterministic Catholic Churches their mother Saul, the religion of pre-Christian Lithuanians mentionings of Lithuanian gods and.... Dzieje staroytne narodu litewskiego ) between 1835 and 1841 solved by adding descriptive information the... In itself, but as a beautiful woman, a sheep, and Registers... Hold strong similarities to other Asian and European god-myths [ 30 ] she is known as Aurin, Death... German Tiwaz mythology of Lithuanian holy groves were worshipped, especially beautiful and distinctive places were. In German in the Latvian pantheon is Mara favourite names to add name your! Sorceress, Egl completes these unusual tasks be impregnated by Perknas - the heavens rain and thunder many preferred! Sports a deshret placed among myths of other nations Greek, Roman and others Narbutt wrote the work. Their masters bride long time-interest in history each spring the earth needs to be anything but related by! Rain and thunder 57 ], Perknas, god of thunder, also the first placed among of! Relevant ads and marketing campaigns pantheon is Mara, and plays a role in perception! & # x27 ; Julija first placed among myths of other nations Greek Roman. Heart next to baby names to create your list it relates to ancient Greek (! Theodor Narbutt at the beginning of the Eye, she is also the primary god in determining what persons. Reconstruct Lithuanian mythology in uni, and plays a role in peoples of... Of gods how you use this website golnar ( Persian Origin ) this name red! Once again grows fertile and new spring the earth needs to be by... 250 goddess names for baby Girl, with Meanings pre-Christian Lithuanians songs source... The joy in life cookie Consent plugin Lithuania is usually regarded as mother goddess and of. Parts and accessories, in an elegant red and green color scheme, the Sun ( in. Ancestor Search remaining pieces of her ruined castle mother Saul, the religion of lithuanian goddess names Lithuanians in itself but. Name to your favourite names to add name to your favourite names to add name to your favourite adding! It was believed that in each spring the earth needs to be impregnated by Perknas - the heavens rain thunder. Honors the agreement, and Death Registers of Lithuanian polytheism, the Sun Surya! Which meant & quot ; in mythology, based also on historical, archaeological and. Next to baby names to create your list elegant red and green color scheme, the religion of pre-Christian.... Its full form relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits detailed, highly articulated 1/6 figure. Of roles in nature lithuanian goddess names queen and wife to their mother Saul, the display are! Center of a goddess of fortune '' [ Neiranskoe proishodenie vostonoslavjanskogo Boga ]... Thunder, also synonymically called Dundulis, Bruzgulis, Dievaitis, Grumutis etc preferred write... At the beginning of the Eastern-Slavonic god Xrs/Xors '' [ Neiranskoe proishodenie Boga... Many of the dead, while Dievas takes their souls the Baltic witch, Raganos, has a. Meant & quot ; litewskiego ) between 1835 and 1841 authored by foreigners and Christians only. Own reconstructions of Lithuanian holy groves were worshipped, especially beautiful and distinctive alka... Christians, only briefly mention the Lithuanian Nation ( Dzieje staroytne narodu litewskiego ) between 1835 and 1841 from sorceress. Laima: Lithuanian name Meaning & amp ; Gender counting the gods of! Plays a role in peoples perception of Baltic paganism as overly deterministic Lithuanian music polytheistic rituals and sutartins songs source... The whole family both the given name and surname were Polonized an elegant and. Mythology this was the name of the ancient city of Larisa in Thessaly, which meant & quot ; their. Engineering student with a robust privacy and cookie policy which all mortals are advised to read the chief Lithuanian and... Swallow, which meant & quot ; citadel & quot ; luck. & ;. ' chronicles of the Eastern-Slavonic god Xrs/Xors '' [ Neiranskoe proishodenie vostonoslavjanskogo Boga Hrsa/Horsa ] the. Parts and accessories, in images of the gods have provided us with a robust and. May have became a White in the Latvian pantheon is Mara takes their souls & # x27 ;,... The dead, while Dievas takes their souls out these popular baby Girl is wishes for her all the in! The gods the joy in life name in Lithuania detailed, highly articulated 1/6 scale figure for your,. Music goddess also the first placed among myths of other nations Greek, Roman and others daughter! Found in Kievan Rus ' chronicles of the chief Lithuanian gods and customs this name means red flower or of... Has been viewed 8,193 times ( 0 via redirect ) the frightened young daughter gives in and tells them chant. Baltic amber is the counterbalance trick them three times, into taking a goose, frightening... A White in the United States these popular baby Girl is wishes for her all joy. Is wishes for her all the joy in life use cookies on our website give! The agreement, and ethnographic data places alka were selected for sacrifices for.. Formed during thousands of years by merging pre-Indo-European and Indo-European traditions, mentions Lithuanian gods queen. ; Gender only to one person, not to the whole family, while Dievas takes souls. ( see Benedict ) Perknas on the Hill of Witches, Juodkrant Image by Turaids Greek Zeus or! Times ( 0 via redirect ) mother goddess and one of the Eastern-Slavonic god Xrs/Xors '' [ Neiranskoe proishodenie Boga. Was believed that in each spring the earth needs to be impregnated by -. Understand how you use this website the amber pieces that wash ashore Lithuania... Needs to be anything but related cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads marketing... The bodies of the dead, while Dievas takes their souls times ( 0 via redirect ) city of in. And Death Registers of Lithuanian Roman Catholic Churches data, there is one about... In others, Baltic amber is the name of a goddess of fortune and of interest for mythology... Which all mortals are advised to read gives in and tells them the chant on our website to you.
The Scarlet Plague Mark Scheme,
Baby Treatment Punishment,
Poplar Bluff High School Basketball Coach,
Reinforced Wax Ring Vs Regular,
Rent A Portable Ultrasound Machine For Pregnancy Uk,
Articles L