Personal justice denied: report of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians. The document state that if there is an uprising amongst the Japanese it will likely be from imported agents. Sadly, even our president Roosevelt succumbed to this, in which he signed executive order 9066 which authorized the relocation of all Japanese citizens here in America to internment camps where they would spend 4 years of their life, and lose their homes, valuables, lifes savings,businesses, and much more. Densho ID: ddr-densho-67-5. -- Second generation who have received their whole education in The biggest hardships they faced were their treatment by the American people as well as by the American government after the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Coast than there is from Japanese.". Power of Words Handbook: A Guide to Language about Japanese Americans in World War II. The Japanese American Citizens League. with a white as white boys are. x]q}h "F@2$ [xvi] Yoshinori H.T. [xii] WWII Internment Timeline, PBS, https://www.pbs.org/childofcamp/history/timeline.html, accessed September 28, 2018. . TA4TIL{ QfCOiM3?VVTN?l[HWq?2)||}5; In the 1970s, Asian-American political figures such as Senators Daniel K. Inouye and Spark Matsunaga of Hawaii and Congressmen Norman Y. Mineta of San Jose and Robert T. Matsui of Sacramento led a process of seeking restitution for the people who had been incarcerated and interned in the camps. They must be considered, Updated February 16, 2017. https://www.nps.gov/places/japanese-american-memorial-to-patriotism-during-world-war-ii.htm. They moved the Japanese-Americans for a reason. Despite the towns opinions of him, he stays kind and spreads the gospel of good music motivation through all kinds of danger. They have made this their home. There will be no armed uprising of Japanese. their religion, their god and Emperor, their family, their ancestors Why should they be any worse toward us? [xxii] Nathan, C. Nash, WASHINGTON TALK: CONGRESS; Seeking Redress for an Old Wrong, The New York Times, published September 17, 1987, https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/17/us/washington-talk-congress-seeking-redress-for-an-old-wrong.html. The story of how Japanese American soldiers from the wars most highly decorated US military unit came to be there is just one part of a remarkable saga. In addition, the camps were situated in particularly isolated godforsaken places, characterized by unpleasant weather, physical isolation and difficult living conditions, Bartlit commented in an interview with the Atomic Heritage Foundation in 2013. The United States government hoped that the internment camps could make it self-sufficient by farming to produce food. The WRA was in charge of evacuees. the Kibei is excluded. The whole time, they were under the watchful eyes of armed military police. They never got to say goodbye to their family until after six years, when the war was over. Many Japanese-Americans have shared stories about their experiences in the camps after the war through books, songs, and documentaries. In addition, almost two-thirds of the interns were Japanese Americans born in the United States and It made no difference that many of them had never even been to Japan. Seelye, Kathrine Q. do. https://encyclopedia.densho.org/Santa_Anita_(detention_facility)/. He took secret photos with a makeshift camera but he was eventually caught. from irresponsible elements, show a pathetic eagerness to be Americans. Updated November 17, 2016. https://www.nps.gov/subjects/worldwarii/internment.htm. Published August 5, 2011. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/06/us/06internment.html. In 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt charged newspaper columnist and friend John Franklin Carter with investigating Japanese-American communities. there has been absolutely no bad feeling between the Japanese In addition to relocation centers, Issei and Japanese-Americans were also sent to internment camps. most dangerous element and closer to the Issei with special reference carried out an intelligence gathering investigation on the loyalty The oldest survivors will be the first to receive the $20,000 checks. The LA Times. Japanese families in internment camps dined together, children were expected to attend school, and adults had the option of working for earning $5 per day. Districts, it was foolish to suppose your reporter could add to Behind Barbed Wire: Remembering Americas Largest Internment Camp. NBC News. that only 50 or 60 in each district can be classed as really dangerous. Internees were afforded rights, as dictated by the Geneva Convention on POWs, that evacuees were denied. them and a certain amount of insults accumulated through the years A Wall to Remember an Eras First Exiles. The New York Times. In a memorandum sent to Tule Lake, D.S. http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/active_learning/explorations/japanese_internment/munson_report.cfm. The channel was constrained by terraces in a broad valley floor. SET-UP SHOWS SIGNS OF THE HONORABLE PASSAGE OF TIME. World War II had broken out with the Japanese invasion of China in 1937 and the German invasion of Poland in 1939. %PDF-1.3 Without mentioning it, Know Your Enemy seemed to implicitly justify the relocation and internment of Japanese immigrants and Japanese-Americans throughout the war. https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/17/us/washington-talk-congress-seeking-redress-for-an-old-wrong.html, http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Norman_Mineta/, https://www.nps.gov/manz/learn/photosmultimedia/photogallery.htm, https://jacl.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Power-of-Words-Rev.-Term.-Handbook.pdf, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/1981/12/06/what-did-you-do-before-the-war-dad/a80178d5-82e6-4145-be4c-4e14691bdb6b/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.9fceb80844ab, https://encyclopedia.densho.org/Santa_Anita_(detention_facility)/, https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/06/us/06internment.html, https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/08/world-war-ii-internment-of-japanese-americans/100132/, https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=74&page=transcript, https://encyclopedia.densho.org/War_Relocation_Authority/, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/behind-barbed-wire-remembering-america-s-largest-internment-camp-n535086, https://www.pbs.org/childofcamp/history/timeline.html, https://www.afsc.org/document/afsc-oral-history-project-japanese-american-internment, https://www.bijac.org/index.php?p=HISTORYExclusionInternment, https://www.nps.gov/miin/learn/historyculture/bainbridge-island-japanese-american-exclusion-memorial.htm, https://hyperallergic.com/229260/how-the-photography-of-dorothea-lange-and-ansel-adams-told-the-story-of-japanese-american-internment/, http://www.tellingstories.org/internment/index.html, https://www.archives.gov/research/alic/reference/military/japanese-internment.html, http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/496831/Know-Your-Enemy-Japan/full-synopsis.html, https://densho.org/category/oral-history/. Munson Report, In hV[o0+B"M+nE#AH Us9H Japanese American Memorial to Patriotism during World War II. National Park Service. My DFw)j*~qhn<>f78Bq4#w[Pf ._w#`>`+8\{4C0F*u.`d4q*D/d?8UB~123L'S_aidjepvM*#L_~ +v-$L't.3p8(d1FER7b_8G"[FV MaRC)rxygvmUlOn}:KARFa V= 1Im.7YhOqnCHCdOr[5{ 2+}j}u+%.5?4Tt;dIs0:!h_Xb {_*oOlk32CUik NC54NlOM Sp8'sF "*An5 |"Og6tu( after old Japan. ?`O}Bky ~}H6b\KkS:ze^>=0jDOqzE\KnGyTl($x)_;YTKkt`iv;:6yuQ&LheZ]tY>f77MHp= BXU-:{f6MDy_=YTO6 V9}S`y\yVN3oGlQ^ {V)N(al%d q$xKTUb4NKiVzDv =Kl^C/t^ ?[zS?evY6qh?w1Q.\BRHDVKrrPySuWd!lx4kF6 A!_nt>F{+@1-6{!4{=a_sPJoAObhb3nxC!EQLJ`W:ggQ%"f>/W[k2Td| ~Z feQ,ePX=[6Vs~CyEyd`O9d|fZgj e%oBiW XPN\)?W%,QV*7*TM 3l5mmm{}b%} Published September 1, 2015. https://hyperallergic.com/229260/how-the-photography-of-dorothea-lange-and-ansel-adams-told-the-story-of-japanese-american-internment/. tF`w. They are not oriental or mysterious, they are They are good neighbors. However, these nuances are lost by the end of the film. to Japan by the fact that they have chosen to make this their As such, they were never charged with crimes or received trials. In 1981, a federal commission was appointed to investigate Executive Order 9066 and the militarys involvement in relocating and detaining Americans and to recommend appropriate remedies. This resulted over 127,000 people of Japanese descent relocate across the country in the Japanese Internment camps. [xxix], There have been memorialization and preservation efforts. On February 5, 1942, Stimson sent a copy of the Munson Report to President Roosevelt, along with a memo stating that War Department officials had carefully studied the document. However Executive Order 9066, ordering the internment of Japanese Americans, was signed on February 19. These rights included minimums for food quantity and quality and requirements for healthcare. endstream endobj 40 0 obj <>stream Cite this primary We all had one wish to be in America (Sandler, 2013, p. 6). %PDF-1.4 % We took a hundred and some odd thousand American-born Japanese citizens, American citizens of Japanese ancestry. feel the same mistrust of the whites that he does on the mainland. A racist is usually known as a person who judges people of another race or ethnicity in bad ways. [xi]. Accessed September 28, 2018. 14. The Nisei are pathetically eager to show this loyalty. Bainbridge Island Japanese American Exclusion Memorial. National Park Service. pattern on paper, how the Japanese in the United States are liable to react in Weik, Taylor. received part or all of their education in Japan. The American educated Japanese is a boor in Japan and treated https://researchguides.library.tufts.edu/c.php?g=248894&p=1657724. (Japanese Americans at Manzanar) The internment lasted for 3 years and the last camp did not close until 1946. The camps were located in Arizona, Arkansas, Wyoming, Idaho, Utah, Colorado, and California where thousands of Japanese Americans eventually relocated. Over 127,000 United States citizens were imprisoned during World War II because. It is interesting to note that Hawaiian, Chinese and Filipino. 1 Name:_ US History WWII: Japanese-American Internment DBQ Japanese American Incarceration Timeline 1853-54 U.S. Commodore The Department of Defense, Department of the Army, and the Office of the Chief Signal Officer produced the film. Santa Fe: Sunstone Press. Their age group is largely 55 to 65, fairly old for a In doing so, the army and government took the precaution to create the internment of Japanese-Americans. No. Published April 27, 2013. https://jacl.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Power-of-Words-Rev.-Term.-Handbook.pdf. Evacuation and relocation were the preferred terms of the time used when referring to the removal of all people with Japanese ancestry, including Americans, as ordered by Executive Order 9066. When the Japanese Americans migrated to the United States they were not welcomed with open arms. WebDepartment Curtis B. Munson carried out the investigation in October and November of 1941 and presented what came to be known as the Munson Report to the or first generation, is considerably weakened in their loyalty to those who received their early education in Japan. There is far more here. are not what they used to be. They were forced to live there for up to four years and were not able to continue with their own lives as they were before while they were living in these camps. We talked about America; we dreamt about America. Published October 1, 1990. http://articles.latimes.com/1990-10-01/news/mn-1299_1_budget-agreement. education in the United States and returned to Japan for four The Japanese are hampered as saboteurs because of their easily It was in the city limits. used by the Japanese to signify those American born Japanese who There are still Japanese in the United States who will tie dynamite It is possible that Roosevelt only read the memo, and not the report itself.[4]. The order resulted in the creation of relocation centers for 112,000 Japanese-American and Japanese immigrants. Published March 16, 2016. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/behind-barbed-wire-remembering-america-s-largest-internment-camp-n535086. Bainbridge Island Japanese American Community. Special Thanks to James Tanakafor submitting corrections. that the Nisei should police themselves, and as a result police Munson headed to the West Coast in the fall of 1941, spending about a week each in the 11th, 12th, and 13th Naval Districts, encompassing the entire West Coast. the Hawaiian The weakest from a Japanese standpoint Source: The Munson Report, delivered to President Roosevelt by Special Approximately 120,000 people were sent to the camps and the event lasted through the years 1942 and 1945. under absolute Federal control. Fans celebrate him not in spite of his eccentricity, quips, or quirks, but because of them. The Issei have to break with their religion, their god Senate Votes to Compensate Japanese-American Internees. The New York Times. [xiv], Even though the U.S. government termed the camps relocation camps or relocation centers, the newly built camps had military barracks, barbed wire, and guard towers and searchlights. [xxvi] United States, 1982, Personal justice denied: report of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, Washington, D.C.: The Commission, 18. THE are the Nisei. finger in this pie -- which it has in a few cases attempted to - Why were the Japanese and Japanese-Americans interened during the Second World War. 12. !AwO2Bp+|pj4}tn258q)Qg&==x4Lf&,No"NN,I'8T0"=Y$|Ad'OBV{e~Ks /%?h>6]RWg`7q&jUaGC[C6jnns3ndiI33 x\}(D@." have not made it apparent, the aim of this report is that all But a deeper look at donors' strategies and practices indicates that every donor is connected to its own networks of NGOs and private providers. this loyalty. They are quite fearful of being put in a concentration camp. They were shipped off to remote locations in the more barren sections of the country. The Japanese-American Internment was a necessary choice, made by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. endstream endobj startxref [xxiii] Daniel K. Inouye, A Feature Biography, United States Sentate, https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/generic/Featured_Bio_Inouye.htm, accessed September 28, 2018. [xvi]. iG}r/6e:qlkZ7J,8' ka) The Japanese- Americans were not a potential threat to the, They had to pick up and leave everything they had. Japanese-Americans have committed suicide, Its essence is to utilize Japanese filial piety as hostage for good behavior, I see little need of commenting on the report I have before me. well-disciplined family life of their elders, The Kibei are considered the most dangerous element, come Nash, Nathan C. WASHINGTON TALK: CONGRESS; Seeking Redress for an Old Wrong. The New York Times. under surveillance. Updated April 10, 2017. https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/japanese-relocation. The relocation centers did offer education programs and some employment opportunities. Roughly they were Japanese lower middle class, about WebThe Munson Creek Tributary A habitat survey extended 817 meters. most to be watched, There is no Japanese problem on the Coast. Updated in April 1, 2016. https://www.nps.gov/articles/historyinternment.htm. -- This is an important division of the NISEI. Published August 21, 2011. https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/08/world-war-ii-internment-of-japanese-americans/100132/. The film starts with a scrolling text that differentiates Nisei (second-generation Japanese-Americans), who were educated in our schools and speak our language and share our love of freedom and our willingness to die for it,[i] from the Japanese in Japan to whom the words liberty and freedom [were] without meaning.[ii] The opening text even exults the bravery of the Nisei who were fighting in the European Theatre. Vol. If they were deemed dangerous, they were sent to an Army POW camp; if not, they were reunited with their families at WRA relocation centers. loyal to the United States if the Japanese-educated element of from a little inferiority complex and a lack of contact with the https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/generic/Featured_Bio_Inouye.htm. Japanese-Americans were forced to evacuate from coastal areas following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. (1) A date night is an opportunity to communicate, and this communication may help couples deepen their understanding of one another and the relationship.. Ringle, Ken. 72 0 obj <>stream land one there. WebDocument B: The Munson Report Reasons: The government didn't want to take any chances, which was unreasonable because the Japanese American occupations, such The food was excellent. [xviii]. It was the first time in a long time that America was attacked on its homeland. however, as other races. Accessed September 28, 2018. The Intelligence Services are generous with the old men fifty-five to sixty-five, for the most part simple and ON C.B. WebDepartment Curtis B. Munson carried out the investigation in October and November of 1941 and presented what came to be known as the Munson Report to the President on In fear that the Japanese may attack the weakened west coast, President Roosevelt signed an order, known as Executive Order No. analogous to the pilgrim fathers. Courtesy of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, University of Washington Libraries microfilm A7378, Reel 17, Box 17, Frames 0034-0039, Items 19481-19486. Also, Japanese-American veterans of World War I were forced to leave their homes and relocate in the internment camps. At the turn of the 21st century began the immigration of the Japanese to America for various reasons, but all with one thing in mind: freedom. Japanese-Americans were apart of our society economically (Munson 2). [xxix] Associated Press, Payments to WWII Internees to Begin: The budget agreement clears the way for the program. While it may seem like semantics, there are legal and historical distinctions between evacuation and internment. Furthermore, defining these terms adds another layer of nuance and complexity to the treatment of Japanese immigrants and Japanese-Americans and their experiences during World War II. This suspicion is reflected in one of the most well-known war propaganda films, Know Your EnemyJapan (1945). Japanese Americans were taken by bus and train to assembly centers such as racetracks and fairgrounds, after this there were camps were created in California, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado, and Arkansas. The Japanese American Citizens League should be encouraged, the of Japanese Americans. [xxxix] Power of Words Handbook: A Guide to Language about Japanese Americans in World War II, The Japanese American Citizens League, published April 27, 2013, https://jacl.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Power-of-Words-Rev.-Term.-Handbook.pdf. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. This left the audience with a sense of doubt: who was really American and who was really a Japanese spy? be noted, however, that many of those who visited Japan subsequent ;O? Two months after the attack on Pearl Harbor, U.S. President FDR ordered all Japanese-Americans regardless of their loyalty or citizenship, to evacuate the West Coast. [x] Transcript of Executive Order 9066: Resulting in the Relocation of Japanese (1942), www.ourdocuments.gov, updated September 28, 2018, https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=74&page=transcript. The loyal Nisei hardly knows where to turn. $20,000 did not even cover what they had lost in terms of careers. Selected Primary Sources on Japanese Internment. Research Guides @ Tufts. Why or why not? The Bombing of Pearl Harbor occurred on December 7, 1941 (Why I Love a Country that Once Betrayed Me). labor is here, and many would have become Amercian citizens had The average valley width index HABITAT INVENTORY Report Date: 2/27/2007 Survey Date: 7/5/2006 REACH 1 REACH 1T02S-R09W-S27SW OREGON DEPT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MUNSON CREEK In November 1941, Munson sent Carter a report that concluded that [t]here will be no wholehearted response from the Japanese in the United States to support the Japanese war effort and emphasized instead the loyalty of Japanese-Americans to America. preponderance of Japanese in the population of the Islands, a The isolation was a result of the emphasis on security: the government wanted to keep Japanese-Americans far from military installations and manufacturing plants. Unfortunately, the Japanese-Americans living on the west coast were given no time to show what their loyalties were: they were expelled from the area. The SANSEI danger from Communists and people of the Bridges type on the In the relocation centers, evacuees adhered to strict rules and curfews. Some mention are excerpts from that report. Dewitt expressed this anti-Japanese racism in his infamous quote: A Jap is a Jap. [vii], Despite the findings of the Munson Report, the Presidents Cabinet discussed a policy of removing the Issei and Nisei populations. It is the aim He also stated that [t]here will undoubtedly be some sabotage financed by Japan but they would be executed largely by imported agents. Carter then forwarded the Munson Report to the President with a one-page memorandum that stated that [f]or the most part the local Japanese are loyal to the United States or, at worst, hope that by remaining quiet they can avoid concentration camps or irresponsible mobs.[v], The attack on Pearl Harbor unleashed a storm of anti-Japanese hysteria that was directed towards Issei and Nisei. Families were even broken up if the government deemed a family member to be an enemy alien, thus sending him or her to an internment camp. Himel, Americans Misuse of Internment, Seattle Journal for Social Justice, vol. depends upon respectful services that are rendered them by the living, the Christian missionary with his doctrine - Who do you think the audience was for this newsreel? [xxx] Japanese American Memorial to Patriotism during World War II, National Park Service, updated February 16, 2017, https://www.nps.gov/places/japanese-american-memorial-to-patriotism-during-world-war-ii.htm. [xiii] There was not enough housing in the assembly centers, so the government built military-style barracks in nearby parking lot complexes to house everyone. 2016. However, until the camps were fully build, the Japanese people were held in temporary centers. Though American citizens they are not accepted by Americans, [xxviii] IRVIN MOLOTSKY and SPECIAL TO THE NEW YORK TIMES, Senate Votes to Compensate Japanese-American Internees, The New York Times, published April 21, 1988. Photo Gallery. National Park Service. Of the hundreds of thousands of Japanese Americans in the internment camps half of them were children. XvL{a-Ot5s. The FBIs ABC List allowed for the interment ofGerman, Italian, and Japanese aliens, starting from December 7, 1941 to the end of the war. 9066, which let the military remove Japanese-Americans or anyone of the Japanese decent ,and have them relocated into internment camps. NGOs became stronger because the donors wanted it that way. And so it was, on July 24, 2019 nearly 18 years after the horrific attacks that traumatized a nation and changed the world forever the Franklin Square and Munson Fire District, which oversees a volunteer fire department serving a hamlet of 30,000 residents just outside of Queens, New York, became the first legislative body in the According to the United States government the Japanese Americans placement in internment camps were justified on national security grounds (Brooks), but the truth is Japanese Americans were placed in internment camps because of fear and racial prejudice. The living conditions at the camps were inadequate at best. The Kibei are considered the than on the mainland. 1983. This is the term Impromptu baseball game at Santa Anita Assembly Center, President Gerald R. Ford Signing a Proclamation Confirming the Termination ofExecutiveOrder9066in the Cabinet Room. [xvii] Evacuees were not guaranteed the same rights as internees, since they were removed from their homes under Executive Order 9066 and were not considered as POWs. Many young Japanese there are fully as open and frank and at ease October and November of 1941, Special Representative of the They are foreigners to Japan. 1. Privately, they believe December 7, 1941 - Japan bombs U.S. ships and planes at the Pearl Harbor military base in Hawaii. Just as the Germans developed concentration camps for the Jewish during World War II, the Americans set up "relocation" programs better known as internment camps to keep all the Japanese. people. Munson's report was submitted to the White House on November 7, 1941, exactly one month before the Ja Accessed September 26, 2018. The Japanese here is almost exclusively https://researchguides.library.tufts.edu/c.php?g=248894&p=1657724. Carter sent Chicago businessman Curtis Munson to the West Coast to meet with intelligence officers, FBI agents, and Japanese-Americans. A Brief History of Japanese American Relocation During World War II. National Park Service. )W3\ { #-TmrIF Due to the Accessed September 28, 2018. Dorothea Lange Gallery. National Park Services. almost pathetically exuberant. They are beginning to feel that The selective services renamed them enemy aliens and stopped the draft of Japanese-American citizens. It is easy to get on the suspect list, merely Munson's "Report and Suggestions Regarding Handling the Japanese Question on the Coast," Dec. 20, 1941. Oral History. Densho Encyclopedia. *E38t@ back with an added loyalty to the United States, It all weaves up into a sinister The narrator details the duplicitous nature of the Japanese and their intricate spy network. It began more than a hundred years ago (Sandler, 2013, p. 6). WebView Copy_of_InternmentDBQ from UNKNOWN HISTORY at Long Beach City College. Report and Suggestions Regarding Handling the Japanese Question on the Coast, https://encyclopedia.densho.org/sources/en-denshopd-i67-00005-1/, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Munson_Report&oldid=1123623851, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, C. B. Munson, "Japanese on the West Coast," published as chapter 6 in, This page was last edited on 24 November 2022, at 19:18. For more information on the appropriate terminology and the importance of using the correct words, please visit the Japanese American Citizens League. like their European counterparts, they were willing to risk everything to begin life anew in what was regarded as a golden land of opportunity (Sandler, 2013, p. 6). 59 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<6C32E07C8E44454AB35E432E456BEB86>]/Index[36 37]/Info 35 0 R/Length 109/Prev 174830/Root 37 0 R/Size 73/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream The ISSEI They are foreigners Many Japanese-Americans also could not get jobs because it was believed that they were spies for Japan. It took four decades and multiple petitions before the U.S. government formally apologized in 1988. In March, the Wartime Civil Control Administration ordered Japanese-Americans in Washington, California, Oregon and Arizona to report to 16 assembly centers. This event in history is important because it. It was one of the saddest moments in America that the government of America took actions on innocent people just because their heritage. Military officials denied Japanese-Americans citizenships. Most of the Japanese-Americans could not vote or take part in any election. In case we MUNSON'S REPORT"JAPANESE ON THE WEST COAST", a week each in the 11th, 12th and 13th Naval We have a blot on our history in this country as a democracy that we will never outlive, commented Jacob Beser, the only person to be aboard both strike planes that bombed Hiroshima and Nagasaki. while an eye is kept open, to see that Tokio does not get its and the Chinese in the islands due to the Japanese-Chinese war. World War II: Internment of Japanese Americans. The Atlantic. white boys they went to school with. [i] Know Your EnemyJapan, directed by Frank Capra (1945; Washington, DC: The U.S. National Archives, 2016), Youtube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvcE9D3mn0Q. [ix], Entitled Authorizing the Secretary of War to Prescribe Military Areas, the Order began with the words, Whereas the successful prosecution of the war requires every possible protection against espionage and against sabotage. [x] Military Area 1 included the western half of California, Oregon, Washington, and the southern half of Arizona. The relocation of Japanese Americans was an event that occurred within the United States during World War II. [xix] Taylor Weik, Behind Barbed Wire: Remembering Americas Largest Internment Camp, NBC News, published March 16, 2016, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/behind-barbed-wire-remembering-america-s-largest-internment-camp-n535086. 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